常用英文翻译技巧(2)
2、 强调句
翻译好强调句的关键在于掌握好强调句型(It is…that/who/which/…)。应注意该句型与主语从句意义上的差异。例：
1)It is an unusual person who can live free from financial stress or who can spend money on others as he spends on himself.
只有不同寻常的人才能远离经济重压，才能把钱花在别人身上就像花在自己身上一样。(该句强调an unusual person,在译文中用"只有"两字体现出来。)
试比较主语从句：We had a lot of fun at the beach.It was really a fly in the ointment that George cut his foot on a piece of glass.我们在海滩上玩得很开心，美中不足的是乔治的脚被一块玻璃割破了。(句中的It为形式主语，代替that引导的主语从句。a fly in the ointment油膏里有一只苍蝇，喻美中不足。)
3、被动语态
英语被动语态使用比较多，尤其是科技论文中特别突出，这与汉语形成鲜明的对照。在汉语表达中，主动语态比被运语态用得更普遍些。因此，在进行英译汉时，最好能尊重汉语习惯，将英文被动句转换在汉语主动句。翻译时应注意运用以下技巧：
1)英语的主语转换成汉语的宾语
有些被动语态只能用汉语的主动句来翻译时，可以将英语被动句的主语变为汉语主动句的宾语，以便突出谈论的事物，不需要表明的行为主体可以省略。
例：The present should never be chained to customs which have lost their usefulness.绝不可用那些已经无用的习俗来束缚现在的手脚。
2)用"被"等词提示行为的主体
译文必须表示出被动时，可以用"被"、"为……所"、"受到"、"叫"、"让"、"靠"、"遭到"、"挨"、"将"、"是(由)……的"等词来表示，这样更能引人注目。
例：The earth's surface in the area of Manhattan is composed of solid concrete.曼哈顿地区的地层表面是由坚硬的混凝土构成的。
写名胜古迹的英语作文
What impresses me most in Beijing is the Great Wall which is one of the greatest projects in the world. It's not only the cultural heritage, but also a symbol of China. "It's glorious." I think. It looks like a big dragon running across the mountainous area. It starts Shanhaiguan in the east to Jiayuguan in the west. It's so long that nobody can walk from the beginning to the end.
在北京给我印象最深的是长城，是世界上项目之一。它不仅是文化遗产，也是中国的象征。”我觉得“它很辉煌"。它就像一条巨龙穿越山区。从东面的山海关开始一直延伸到西边的嘉峪关。太长了以至于没有人能从走到尾。
It was firstly built in Qin Dynasty and prolonged in Ming and Qing dynasties. It was used to protect the enemies from invading in the past, but now it has become the place of interest which attracts so many tourists both at home and abroad.
它始建于秦朝，一直延期到明清时期。在过去它是用来防止敌人的入侵，但现在它已成为名胜古迹，吸引了很多国内外游客。
When I was standing on the top of the Great Wall, I felt as if I were in ancient days. I could see many laborers working very hard. How could they finish this extremely difficult task by hand?
当我站在长城上时，我感觉我像是在古代一样。我可以看到很多劳动者努力工作。他们怎么能用手工完成这个艰巨的任务?